How Premium Bonds actually work
Let's clear up the biggest misconception first: the 3.60% prize fund rate (dropping to 3.30% in April) is NOT an interest rate. You don't earn 3.60% on your money. That figure represents the total prize pot as a percentage of all bonds in issue — it's the average return across every bondholder, including the two people who win £1 million each month.
Your actual return depends entirely on luck. With odds of 22,000 to 1 per £1 bond (23,000 to 1 from April), someone holding the maximum £50,000 would expect roughly 27 prizes per month — mostly £25 prizes, with the occasional £50 or £100. That works out to around £1,600-1,800 per year on a £50,000 holding, or about 3.2-3.6%.
But that's the expected average. Plenty of people with £50,000 in bonds go months with fewer prizes. And if you hold a more typical amount — say £5,000 — you might get 2-3 prizes per month, or you might get none. The variance is huge at lower holdings.
NS&I is upfront about this: Premium Bonds don't earn interest, they fund a monthly prize draw. All prizes — from £25 to £1 million — are tax-free.