How Fixed Rate Savings Bonds Work
A fixed-rate savings bond is a deposit account where you hand over a lump sum for a set term — one, two, three or five years are standard — and earn a guaranteed interest rate for the duration. The rate is locked. It does not move if the Bank of England base rate falls. Equally, it does not move if the base rate rises — which is the risk that has become newly relevant after six months of holds at 3.75%.
The core mechanics:
- Guaranteed rate: Your rate is fixed at the point of opening and does not change, regardless of what happens to monetary policy. In a falling-rate environment, this protects you. In a rising-rate environment, it traps you below market.
- Fixed terms: Most providers offer 1, 2, 3, or 5 years. Shorter terms — 6 months, 9 months, 18 months — are available from a smaller pool. Cynergy Bank currently leads the 6-month space at 4.40% AER.
- No withdrawals: Your money is locked for the full term. Some banks allow early access with a penalty (typically 90–180 days of lost interest). Marcus's 4.90% one-year bond is the standout flexible option — early access costs 90 days of interest. NS&I permits no early access whatsoever.
- FSCS protection: Deposits with UK-regulated banks and building societies are protected up to £120,000 per person, per institution by the Financial Services Compensation Scheme. This limit was raised from £85,000 in December 2025.
- Interest payment: Some bonds pay interest annually or monthly; others compound it and pay at maturity.
AER vs gross — the bit that trips savers up. AER (Annual Equivalent Rate) is the effective annual rate assuming interest compounds. Gross is the quoted rate before compounding. For a bond paying monthly, the gross rate is slightly below the AER. Always compare on AER.
Where the interest goes matters. Monthly-pay bonds credit interest to an external account — you get income but lose compounding. At-maturity bonds compound internally and release the full sum at the end. The at-maturity option earns more in total; the monthly option spreads the tax liability across tax years (see the tax section below).
Fixed-rate bonds are not gilts (tradeable government debt) and not Premium Bonds (prize draws). They are straightforward deposit products. For the alternative route — buying gilts directly for tax-efficient capital gains outside an ISA — see our complete gilts guide.
NS&I bonds are backed by HM Treasury with 100% security on all deposits — no £120,000 cap. Every other provider relies on FSCS protection. The gap between NS&I and the best challenger rates has compressed significantly since February, which changes the calculation for larger savers.